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June 21, 2004
Debian GNU/Linux 3.0 r2 Woody 安装手记
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https://windtear.net/archives/2004/06/21/000267.html
Debian GNU/Linux 一直被认为是最正宗的Linux发行版。 Debian 名字来源于Deb和Ian Murdock。 Ian Murdock(伊恩·默多克)于1993年发起 Debian Project。 Debian 官方网站:http://www.debian.org/
-----> 安装配置 F1 ~ F10 是帮助信息
默认采用 standard (vanilla) kernel 启动安装 linux initrd=root.bin (如果选 bf24 即用 lin24 initrd=bf24.bin 后面可以选文件系统格式 ext2 ext3 ReiserFS)
安装过程可以选择语言 zh 是繁体中文 en 是英文
主菜单每一步都有提示下一步干什么 也可以自己选择 硬盘分区默认选 ext2 (83) swap (82) 如果开始安装时选了 bf24 就可以选择日志文件系统ext3 ReiserFS 据说新的 debian-installer 连 xfs 都可以选
安装过程 /dev/ram0 是 / 光盘是 /instmnt/ 硬盘是 /target
把 pool/main/ 的 tgz deb 包往 硬盘里送 最后安装 LILO 安装完毕基本系统 91476 K
-----> 安装配置 重起会自动启动 /usr/sbin/base-config 进行基本配置
设置root密码 用户
Apt Configuration 选 FTP 166.111.8.229 /mirror/debian/debian/
运行 tasksel 选择更多的软件包大分类 可以 I 查看软件包的信息 (Task Info) conventional unix server 里面有 telnet 等一些网络工具
然后 dselect 可以选择单独的安装包
邮件系统 选择 1 2 3 4 5 然后基本设置完毕 进入系统 login:
-----> 系统运行 dhcp 获得 IP 的话 系统会运行有 /sbin/dhclient-2.2.x -q eth0 默认 /usr/sbin/inetd 启动 还有 atd cron 系统默认会启动六个 tty /sbin/getty 38400 tty1 默认shell是bash (安装过程是 ash 提供 nano-tiny 编辑器)
inetd 会在 TCP 25 37 13 9 UDP 9 68 绑定服务 % telnet 166.111.169.34 25 Trying 166.111.169.34... Connected to 166.111.169.34. Escape character is '^]'. 2004-06-21 04:26:37 Failed to open configuration file /etc/exim/exim.conf Connection closed by foreign host.
-----> 包管理 tasksel 选了几个之后 dselect 安装 dselect 为控制台下包管理的前端 通过dpkg 进行包管理 (我选了206个包 会下载将近 140M 文件包) 下载的软件包在 /var/cache/apt/archieves/
dpkg 号称世界上最佳的包管理系统 主要是针对依赖型和多版本说的 在 TC 下 .deb文件里包含两个文件 一个是 control.tar.gz 一个是 data.tar.gz dpkg --pending --configure dpkg --pending --remove
apt 是 Debian 的新一代包管理程序 全称为Advanced Package Tool apt-get 是用的最多的软件包安装程序
-----> 截图 220 windteardebian FTP server (Version 6.4/OpenBSD/Linux-ftpd-0.17) ready. USER windtear 331 Password required for windtear. PASS * 230- Linux windteardebian 2.2.20-idepci #1 Sat Apr 20 12:45:19 EST 2002 i686 unknown 230- 230- Most of the programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are 230- freely redistributable; the exact distribution terms for each program 230- are described in the individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright 230- 230- Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent 230- permitted by applicable law. 230 User windtear logged in.
Reading Package Lists... Done Building Dependency Tree... Done 0 packages upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Do you want to erase any previously downloaded .deb files? [Y/n] n
windteardebian:/etc/apt# more sources.list
deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux 3.0 r2 _Woody_ - Official i386 Binary-1 (20031201)]/ unstable contrib main non-US/contrib non-US/main deb ftp://166.111.8.229/mirror/debian/debian/ stable main non-free contrib deb-src ftp://166.111.8.229/mirror/debian/debian/ stable main non-free contrib
# deb http://security.debian.org/ stable/updates main contrib non-free
windteardebian:/etc/rc3.d# apt-get update Hit ftp://166.111.8.229 stable/main Packages Hit ftp://166.111.8.229 stable/main Release Hit ftp://166.111.8.229 stable/non-free Packages Hit ftp://166.111.8.229 stable/non-free Release Hit ftp://166.111.8.229 stable/contrib Packages Hit ftp://166.111.8.229 stable/contrib Release Hit ftp://166.111.8.229 stable/main Sources Hit ftp://166.111.8.229 stable/main Release Hit ftp://166.111.8.229 stable/non-free Sources Hit ftp://166.111.8.229 stable/non-free Release Hit ftp://166.111.8.229 stable/contrib Sources Hit ftp://166.111.8.229 stable/contrib Release Reading Package Lists... Done Building Dependency Tree... Done
windteardebian:/etc/rc3.d# apt-get dist-upgrade Reading Package Lists... Done Building Dependency Tree... Done Calculating Upgrade... Done 0 packages upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
windteardebian:~/vmware-linux-tools# apt-cache search qterm qterm - BBS client for X Window System written in Qt
windteardebian:/etc/alternatives# l vi lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 12 Jun 21 05:06 vi -> /usr/bin/vim
windteardebian:/etc/network# more interfaces # /etc/network/interfaces -- configuration file for ifup(8), ifdown(8)
# The loopback interface auto lo iface lo inet loopback
# The first network card - this entry was created during the Debian installation auto eth0 iface eth0 inet dhcp
# An example static IP setup: (broadcast and gateway are optional) # # auto eth0 # iface eth0 inet static # address 192.168.0.42 # network 192.168.0.0 # netmask 255.255.255.0 # broadcast 192.168.0.255 # gateway 192.168.0.1 #Enter your nameserver(s) and search directives in /etc/resolv.conf:
$ ar -xf debootstrap_0.X.X_arch.deb $ cd / $ zcat < /full-path-to-work/work/data.tar.gz | tar xv
-----> 选择 Debian 的理由 http://www.debian.org/intro/why_debian.zh-cn.html
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Posted by windtear at June 21, 2004 11:38 PM